定性过程推理的物资保障能力定性模型的建立

面对物资保障仿真领域中解决复杂、不确定问题存在困难,提出运用定性仿真的新思路研究,由定性过程理论和定性推理相结合提出定性过程推理的概念,分析了影响物资保障能力的因素,应用定性过程推理的方法抽象出物资保障能力定性模型,用符号定向图形象地表示该模型.并假设初始条件进行了推理论证,对推理结果的准确性和改进方式进行了分析,对下一步工作做了展望.     

考虑非线性退化与随机失效阈值的剩余寿命预测

针对广泛存在的非线性退化设备,现有方法尚未考虑随机失效阈值对剩余寿命预测结果的影响。因此,通过对设备性能退化过程进行分析,提出了一种综合考虑非线性退化与随机失效阈值的剩余寿命预测方法。基于Wiener过程构建了考虑个体差异与测量误差的非线性退化模型;基于卡尔曼滤波算法建立状态空间模型以实现对退化状态的在线更新;基于极大似然法估计失效阈值分布系数估计方法,得到随机失效阈值的概率分布;基于随机失效阈值推导出剩余寿命的概率分布,实现对剩余寿命的在线预测。算例研究表明,所提方法可以有效地提升剩余寿命预测的准确性,具备一定工程应用价值。     

On the reduction of total‐cost and average‐cost MDPs to discounted MDPs

This article provides conditions under which total‐cost and average‐cost Markov decision processes (MDPs) can be reduced to discounted ones. Results are given for transient total‐cost MDPs with transition rates whose values may be greater than one, as well as for average‐cost MDPs with transition probabilities satisfying the condition that there is a state such that the expected time to reach it is uniformly bounded for all initial states and stationary policies. In particular, these reductions imply sufficient conditions for the validity of optimality equations and the existence of stationary optimal policies for MDPs with undiscounted total cost and average‐cost criteria. When the state and action sets are finite, these reductions lead to linear programming formulations and complexity estimates for MDPs under the aforementioned criteria.© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 66:38–56, 2019     

Maintaining systems with heterogeneous spare parts

We consider the problem of optimally maintaining a stochastically degrading, single‐unit system using heterogeneous spares of varying quality. The system's failures are unannounced; therefore, it is inspected periodically to determine its status (functioning or failed). The system continues in operation until it is either preventively or correctively maintained. The available maintenance options include perfect repair, which restores the system to an as‐good‐as‐new condition, and replacement with a randomly selected unit from the supply of heterogeneous spares. The objective is to minimize the total expected discounted maintenance costs over an infinite time horizon. We formulate the problem using a mixed observability Markov decision process (MOMDP) model in which the system's age is observable but its quality must be inferred. We show, under suitable conditions, the monotonicity of the optimal value function in the belief about the system quality and establish conditions under which finite preventive maintenance thresholds exist. A detailed computational study reveals that the optimal policy encourages exploration when the system's quality is uncertain; the policy is more exploitive when the quality is highly certain. The study also demonstrates that substantial cost savings are achieved by utilizing our MOMDP‐based method as compared to more naïve methods of accounting for heterogeneous spares.     

装备保障方案综合评价系统的分析与设计

为了科学合理地对装备保障方案进行权衡分析和优化筛选，从装备保障方案综合评价的具体需求出发，提出了装备保障方案综合评价系统的总体结构，基于 OU（组织单元）与 BOU（基本组织单元）的组织建模法构建了装备保障方案综合评价的组织结构模型，设计了系统的角色和各功能模块，并给出系统运作的一般流程和具体事例，验证了该系统的可行性和有效性。     

联合火力毁伤下炮兵连阵地配置与被毁伤概率

现代战场威胁炮兵的火力与弹药种类更加丰富,如何根据它们的特点选择恰当的阵地配置队形与火炮间隔,以最大限度地降低被毁伤概率就显得尤为重要.以自行炮兵连为研究对象,依据射击效率评定理论.结合几种典型的配置队形和红蓝双方的主要装备,对不同攻击方式下的被毁伤概率进行了模拟分析,得到了在阵地地形允许的情况下,应采用半圆形配置;普通榴弹射击时火炮配置间隔以200 m为宜,子母弹射击时如果要避免一半以上的火炮被毁伤,配置间隔也应至少达到200 m的结论.     

基于区间直觉模糊集的目标优先级求解方法

针对复杂防空作战环境下多目标优先级难以准确评估的问题,提出了基于区间直觉模糊集理论的目标优先级求解算法。首先系统分析了影响目标优先级的因素以及各影响因素与目标优先级之间的非线性关系。其次,对区间直觉模糊集的得分函数和精确函数进行了改进,考虑了犹豫度信息对决策结果的影响,并且提出了基于得分函数和精确函数的目标优先级求解算法。最后通过仿真算例验证了算法的有效性。     

Planning gamma accelerated degradation tests with two accelerating variables

Gamma accelerated degradation tests (ADT) are widely used to assess timely lifetime information of highly reliable products with degradation paths that follow a gamma process. In the existing literature, there is interest in addressing the problem of deciding how to conduct an efficient, ADT that includes determinations of higher stress‐testing levels and their corresponding sample‐size allocations. The existing results mainly focused on the case of a single accelerating variable. However, this may not be practical when the quality characteristics of the product have slow degradation rates. To overcome this difficulty, we propose an analytical approach to address this decision‐making problem using the case of two accelerating variables. Specifically, based on the criterion of minimizing the asymptotic variance of the estimated q quantile of lifetime distribution of the product, we analytically show that the optimal stress levels and sample‐size allocations can be simultaneously obtained via a general equivalence theorem. In addition, we use a practical example to illustrate the proposed procedure.     

灰色层次分析决策方法在坦克评估中的应用

给出了利用灰色层次分析决策方法进行评估的一般步骤,并以坦克为例,构建了基于坦克的机动性、防护性、火力性、信息性、可靠性的评估模型。     

基于FAHP的岸防炮兵雷达作战效能评估分析方法

针对岸防炮兵雷达的特点和作战任务,从探测能力、定位能力、数据处理能力、目标识别能力、抗干扰能力、可用性、可靠性和生存能力8个指标层,建立岸防炮兵雷达作战效能评估的层次结构体系,并确定了指标体系综合指标的随机性和模糊性,运用模糊层次分析法对雷达效能进行综合评估,给出了确立各因素权重的方法.为该雷达作战使用提供了辅助决策的依据.